366: Mandamus means:
(a) A writ issued by a superior court command that a specified thing be done
(b) A legal term for a prisoner's right to appear in person and be tried in court
(c) A written public declaration of the intentions, opinions or motives of a sovereign or of a leader, party or body
(d) The principle of hybridisation, discovered by Gregor Mendel which led to the improved breeds of plant and animal life
367: According to the Constitution of India, which of the following are fundamental for the governance of the country?
(a) Fundamental Rights
(b) Fundamental Duties
(c) Directive Principles of State Policy
(d) Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties
Explanation:
Governance is the act of governing. It relates to decisions that define expectations, grant power, or verify performance. It consists of either a separate process or part of decision-making or leadership processes. In modern nation-states, these processes andd systems are typically administered by a government.
Fundamental rights are justiciable whereas Directive Principles of States Policy are not justiciable but they are "Fundamental in governmance of the country" and it is they duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws.
368: The Dinesh Goswami Committee recommended
(a) the constitution of state-level election commissions
(b) List System of election to the Lok Sabha
(c) governmental funding of parliamentary elections
(d) a ban on the candidature of independent candidates in the parliamentary elections
Explanation:
Dinesh Goswami Committee (1990) recommended the State funding of Parliamentary Elections.
369: Which one of the following Articles of the Directive Principles of State Policy deals with the promotion of international peace and security?
(a) 51
(b) 48 A
(c) 43 A
(d) 41
Explanation:
Article 51 deals with the Promotion of International peace and security.
370: Consider the following statements:
1. The 44th Amendment to the Constitution of India introduced an Article placing the election of the Prime Minister beyond judicial review.
2. The Supreme Court of India struck down the 99th Amendment to the Constitution of India as being violative of the independence of judiciary.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation:
In 1975, Parliament passed the Thirty-ninth amendment to the Constitution which removed the authority of the Supreme Court to adjudicate petitions regarding elections of the President, Vice President, Prime Minister and Speaker of the Lok Sabha. Instead, a body constituted by Parliament would be vested with the power to resolve such election disputes.
So, option 1 is incorrect.
Supreme court struck down 99th amendment as it impinges upon the principles of "independence of the judiciary", as well as, "separation of powers"
Source: https://www.sci.gov.in/pdf/aorexam/List%20of%20leading%20cases%20and%20short%20notes%20given%20by%20the%20Mr.%20F.S.%20Nariman,%20Sr%20Adv%20&%20Chairman,%20Bd.%20of%20Examiner%20of%20the%20AOR%20Exam%202016.pdf