246: Which of the following would lead to malnutrition ?
I. Overnutrition
II. Undernutrition
III. Imbalanced nutrition.
Select the correct answer by using the codes gives below :
(a) II
(b) II and III
(c) I and III
(d) I, II and III
Explanation:
Malnutrition results from imbalance between body's needs and intake of nutients, which can lead to syndromes deficiency, dependency, toxicity or obesity. Overnutrition, undernutrition and imbalanced nutrition are three forms of malnutrition.
Protein Energy malnutrition (PEM) leads to two types of diseases viz., marasmus and kwashiorkar.
'Marasmus' is a type of PEM caused by simultaneous deficiency of protein and total food calories; whereas
'kwashiorkar' is caused by severe protein deficiency.
247: Stainless steel contains which of the following?
(a) Aluminium and Zinc
(b) Chromium and Carbon
(c) Zinc and Mercury
(d) Copper and Cadmium
248: People drinking water from a shallow hand pump are likely to suffer from all of the following diseases except
(a) Cholera
(b) Typhoid
(c) Jaundice
(d) Fluorosis
Explanation:
Water from the deeper layers of the earth, is likely to have excess amounts of fluoride content whereas water from a shallow hand pump is likely to be contaminated with disease causing bacteria and virus.
'Fluorosis is caused due to intake of excess amount of fluoride in drinking water. It leads to mottled teeth, stiffened brittle bone and joints.
Cholera is an acute intestinal infection caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and is spread by contaminated food and water.
Typhoid fever is contracted when people eat and drink water that has been infected with Salmonella typhi. Polluted water is the most common source of typhoid.
Jaundice/Hepatitis is spread mostly by food and water contaminated with hepatitis virus. Yellowing of the skin and eyes occurs due to excessive bilirubins in the blood.
249: During processing and cooking which part of food is mostly destroyed?
(a) Proteins
(b) Vitamins
(c) Carbohydrates
(d) Fats
250: Assertion (A):
Unsaturated fats are more reactive compared with the saturated fats.
Reason (R):
Unsaturated fats have only single bonds in their structure.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Explanation:
Along with single bonds, unsaturated fats have double and triple bonds, that's why they are more reactive compared to saturated fats.