426: The Constitution (Seventy-Third Amend-ment) Act, 1992, which aims at promoting the Panchayati Raj Institutions in the country, provides for which of the following?
1. Constitution of District Planning Committees.
2. State Election Commissions to conduct all panchayat elections.
3. Establishment of State Finance Commissions.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 ans 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Explanation:
Part IX - article 243
1. Reviving gram sabha constitution of panchayats at village
and other levels; 2. Direct elections to all;
3. Reservation of seats SC/ST- 1/3rd for women;
4. Duration 5 years for panchayats and holding elections
within period of months in the event of suppression of any
panchayat;
5. Powers to panchayats - preparation of plans for economic
development and social justices;
6. Setting up of Finance commission in the states for periodical
review of their financial position; also audit of accounts
of panchayat
7. Setting up of the Election Commissions the states for
8. Bar to interference by covert in electoral matters;
9. Amendment is article 280 needed to augment Consolidated
Fund of States to supplement the recommendation
of state Finance Commission.
10. 11th Schedule - Providing the Panchayats with list containing
of 29 items.
Explanation: Statement 2 and 3 are correct while statement
1 is incorrect because the constitution of District Planning
Committees is provided by Article 243ZD which was inserted
in the Constitution by 74th Amendment.
427: With reference to the Constitution of India, consider the following statements:
1. No High Court shall have the jurisdiction to declare any central law to be constitutionally invalid.
2. An amendment to the Constitution of India cannot be called into question by the Supreme Court of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation:
The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 curtailed the judicial review power of high court. It debarred the high courts from considering the constitutional validity of any central law. However, the 43rd Amendment Act of 1977 restored the original position.High Court has the power to invalidate any central law which goes against the ethos of the constitution. Similar is the case with Supreme Court. If any constitutional amendment goes against the basic structure of the constitution, Supreme court has the power to call it into question.In 2015, the Supreme Court declared both the 99th Constitutional Amendment, 2014 and the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) Act, 2014 as unconstitutional and null and void.
428: By which Amendment to the Constitution, the Fundamental Duties of the citizens were specified?
(a) 38th
(b) 40th
(c) 42nd
(d) 44th
429: Who was the Speaker of the first Lok Sabha ?
(a) G. V. Mavalankar
(b) K. M. Munshi
(c) Hukam singh
(d) U. N. Dhebar
430: The Parliament can make any law for the whole or any part of India for implementing International treaties
(a) with the consent of all the States
(b) with the consent of the majority of States
(c) with the consent of the States concerned
(d) without the consent of any State
Explanation:
Article 253 - Parliament has power to made any law for the whole or any treaty, agreement or convention with any other country(ies) without the consent of any state.