251: All India Services can be created by the:
(a) President
(b) U.P.S.C.
(c) Prime Minister
(d) Parliament
252: The dispute regarding the election of President of India is to be referred to:
(a) Chief Election Commissioner
(b) Supreme Court
(c) Parliament
(d) Attorney-General
253: With reference to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, consider the following:
1. The Right to Development
2. The Right to Expression
3. The Right to Recreation
Which of the above is/ are the Rights of the child ?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Explanation:
The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, adopted by the United Nations in November 1989, spells out the basic human rights to which children everywhere are entitled. It has since been ratified by all governments except the richest, the United States of America, and one of the poorest, Somalia.
The following sections of the Convention are of particular interest to anyone concerned about the relationship between children, young people and the media.
- Article 12 refers to children's rights to express their own opinions and to have them taken into account in any matter affecting them.
- Children's right to freedom of expression is defined in Article 13, which also says that they have a right to receive and disseminate information.
- Article 17 recognises "the important function performed by the mass media", calls on those governments who have signed up to the Convention to "ensure that the child has access to information and material from a diversity of national and international sources". It also encourages the media "to disseminate information and material of social and cultural benefit to the child", and calls on governments to encourage the development of guidelines to protect children from harmful material.
- Articles 28 and 29 (the right to education), Article 31 (the right to participate in leisure, cultural and artistic activities), and Articles 34 and 36 (which require that children should be protected from sexual and other forms of exploitation, including pornography) are also relevant.
254: Who among the following became the Prime Minister of India without being earlier the Chief Minister of a State ?
I. Morarji Desai
II. Charan Singh
III. V. P. Singh
IV. Chandrashekhar
V. P.V. Narasimha Rao.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below.
Codes :
(a) I, II and IV
(b) II, III and V
(c) II only
(d) IV only
255: If suitable Scheduled Caste/Tribe candidates are not available, the posts:
(a) May for the time being be filled by other candidates
(b) Are left vacant
(c) Are filled by Other Backward Classes candidates
(d) None of the above
Explanation:
If sufficient number of suitable SC/ST/OBC candidates are not available to fill up vacancies reserved for them in the first attempt of recruitment, a second attempt should be made for recruiting suitable candidates belonging to the concerned category in the same recruitment year or as early as possible before the next recruitment year to fill up these vacancies. If the required number of SC/ST/OBC candidates are not even then available, the vacancies which could not be filled up shall remain unfilled until the next recruitment year. These vacancies will be treated as "backlog vacancies."
In the subsequent recruitment year when recruitment is made for the vacancies of that year (called the current vacancies), the backlog vacancies of SCs, STs and OBCs will also be announced for recruitment. While doing so, it may be kept in view that the vacancies of the particular recruitment year i.e. the current vacancies will be treated as one group and backlog vacancies of SCs, STs and OBCs as a separate and distinct group. Of the vacancies in the first group, not more
than 50% of the vacancies shall be reserved. Vacancies in the second group i.e. all the backlog vacancies reserved for SCs, STs and OBCs will be filled up by the candidates belonging to category concerned without any restriction whatsoever as they belong to distinct group of backlog vacancies of SCs, STs and OBCs.
Vacancies reserved for SCs/STs/OBCs which could not be filled up and are carried forward as backlog vacancies and remain unfilled in the following recruitment year also, will be carried forward as backlog vacancies for subsequent recruitment year(s) as long as these are not filled by candidates of the category for which these are reserved.