756: The Prime Minister of Interim Government of India after Independence was:
(a) Gandhi
(b) Nehru
(c) Jinnah
(d) Rajgopalachari
757: With reference to the guilds (Shreni) of ancient India that played a very important role in the country's economy, which of the following statements is /are correct?
1. Every guild was registered with the central authority of the State and the king was the chief administrative authority on them.
2. The wages, rules of work, standards and prices were fixed by the guild.
3. The guild had judicial powers over its own members.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below :
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Explanation:
Ancient India guilds are a unique and multi-faceted form of organisation, which combined the functions of a democratic government, a trade union, a court of justice and a technological institution. The trained workers of the guilds provided a congenial atmosphere for work.
Guilds were the autonomous socio-economic entities and the king was not the chief administrative authority. The guilds regulated the wages, rules of work, standards and prices etc. The guilds also had some judicial powers, even some of them have their own forces and army known as Screnibal.
758: Which of the following statements is/are applicable to Jain doctrine?
1. The surest way of annihilating Karma is to practice penance.
2. Every object, even the smallest particle has a soul.
3. Karma is the bane of the soul and must be ended.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Explanation:
The production, fruitiion and annihilation of Karma along with jiva and ajiva are the principles of Jainism. The annihilation (nirjara) of Karma comes about through penance. Hence 1 is correct.
Souls are not only the property of animal and plant life, but also of entities such as stones, rocks, running water, and many other natural objects not looked upon as living by other sects Hence 2 is also correct.
The Jaina holds that every living and non-living being is gifted with souls, Each Jiva (soul) is eternally associated with Ajiva (non-sentient or non-conscious being) because of Karman. They are obstructed by karma, just as the natural light of the sun is hindered by clouds. By removing the karmas, a soul can remove bondage and regain its natural perfections. Hence 3 is also correct.
759: Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(a) Islam : Koran
(b) Hinduism : Veda
(c) Shintoism : Analects
(d) Judaism : Torah
760: Doctrine of Lapse was adopted as a measure to annex Indian states by:
(a) Lord Cornwallis
(b) Lord Clive
(c) Lord Dalhousie
(d) Lord Wellesley