126: The largest number of Buddhists is found in
(a) Bihar
(b) Karnataka
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Uttar Pradesh
127: Which one of the following pairs of States of India indicates the easternmost and westernmost State?
(a) Assam and Rajasthan
(b) Arunachal Pradesh and Rajasthan
(c) Assam and Gujarat
(d) Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat
Explanation:
Correct answer is D.
128: Which one of the following shows the correct sequence of occurrence of four towns/ cities as one proceeds from west to east?
(a) Ajmer, Darbhanga, Kohima, Silchar
(b) Surat, Wardha, Rourkela, Bharuch
(c) Pandharpur, Gulbarga, Kottagudam, Visakhapatnam
(d) Anand, Rajkot, Dhanbad, Aizawl
129: What could be the main reasons for the formation of African and Eurasian desert belt ?
1. It is located in the sub-tropical high pressure cells.
2. It is under the influence of warm ocean currents.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct in this context?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation:
- Subtropical High-Pressure Cells: Located between 20 degree N/S and 35 degree N/S. This is a zone of hot, dry air that forms as the warm air descending from the tropics becomes hotter. Because hot air can hold more water vapor, it is relatively dry. The heavy rain along the equator also removes most of the excess moisture. the dominant winds in the Subtropical high are called westerlies.
African and Eurasian desert belts are under the influence of cold ocean currents. So, Statement 2 is incorrect.
130: Consider the following statements:
1. Biodiversity is normally greater in the lower latitudes as compared to the higher latitudes.
2. Along the mountain gradients, biodiversity is normally greater in the lower altitudes as compared to the higher altitudes.
Which of the statements given above is are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 and 2
Explanation:
There is an increase in biodiversity from the poles to the tropics. Thus localities at lower latitudes have more species than localities at higher latitudes. This is often referred to as the latitudinal gradient in species diversity.
Altitudinal gradients Mountain biodiversity : An interesting pattern of biodiversity arises along elevation gradient in mountains. A fundamental characteristic of mountain ecosystems is the drastic change in vegetation and overall biodiversity as well as in climate from the base to the summit of mountain. For instance, for Norway and the Alps, the species number of plants decline by 40 for every 100m of elevation. Every 100 m increase in elevation is equivalent to 100 km distance north on the latitudinal scale. The elevational gradients in species-density are associated with following features of montane systems: reduction of area; elevational gradients in climate (temperature, precipitation) and environmental severity at the high altitudes; geographical isolation of montane communities.